Types of Patents

Types of Patents Types of PatentsThere are two types of Irish patents available.(1) Full-term patentsThese patents allow the inventor/applicant protection for up to 20 years. For a full-term patent to be granted, the applicant must provide evidence of the invention's novelty. This can be done by requesting a "Search Report" from the Office, or by submitting evidence of novelty.(2) Short-term patentsShort-term patents are designed to assist smaller inventors. These patents can also suit inventions where a shorter market life is expected, or inventions that are not technologically complex. These patents last for a maximum of ten years, and the applicant does not need to provide evidence of the invention's novelty. This effectively reduces the costs and length of time involved in getting an invention patented.Because procedures are generally simpler, short-term patents can be granted reasonably quickly and well within 12 months from the filing date if requirements are complied with promptly. If applications are made for both a short-term patent and a full-term patent in respect of the same invention, the short-term patent will become void when the full-term patent is granted.With some exceptions, the provisions relating to full-term patent applications and patents also apply to short-term patent applications and short-term patents. The main exceptions are:(i) The specification of a short-term patent application must not include more than five claims. The requirements of novelty and industrial applicability apply but instead of non-obviousness, it is sufficient that the invention be "not clearly lacking an inventive step". Neither a search report nor evidence of novelty in the form of a foreign patent specification is required in order that a short-term patent be granted.(ii) The filing fee, grant fee and renewal fees are only 50% of those for a full-term patent; and generally the procedures are simpler. This will be of particular interest to small enterprises and single inventors.(iii) Infringement proceedings can be brought in the Circuit Court (or in the High Court, as is required for full-term patents) irrespective of the amount of a claim.(iv) Before taking an action for infringement the owner of the short-term patent must either (a) request the Controller to have a search report prepared and send a copy of the report to the alleged infringer or (b) if a foreign search report or patent specification is available, furnish copies of such reports to the Controller as well as the alleged infringer. The reports referred to at (a) or (b) are published by the Controller.(v) A person other than the owner of the short-term patent whose legitimate business interests require a novelty search and who can show grounds for suspecting that the invention lacks novelty or is clearly lacking in inventive step may also request theController to have a search report prepared. Such a search report is published by the Controller.

Troll Tracker: Tracker of "Patent Trolls

Troll Tracker: Tracker of "Patent Trolls Troll Tracker: Tracker of "Patent Trolls", Blogger . . . Patent Infringer?When newspaper and magazine articles list the "perils of blogging," issues like defamation, disclosure of trade secrets, and bad publicity are almost always near the top of the list. But patent infringement? Fuggetaboutit.Well, it turns out that the anonymously written Patent Troll Tracker may have stepped on the wrong toes in its' criticism of "trolling" activity, particularly in the E.D. Tex. According to the blog, the author allegedly received the following e-mail from Ray Niro of the law firm of Niro Scavone, Haller & Niro:Please identify yourself. You may be infringing United States Patent No. 5,253,341.Raymond P. Niro(Transmitted by Donna L. Wartman)For those that may not be familiar with that patent number, the patent was one of the infamous patents asserted by the now-defunct TechSearch back in the 90's against a slew of companies, as well as the Internet Patent Newsletter author Greg Aharonian. After enduring a 7 year reexamination, the patent managed to escape with 1 surviving claim.Needless to say, this set off a firestorm at the Troll Tracker Blog, and the author (referred to as "Mr. Tracker" in subsequent correspondences) decided to push back.Read Troll Tracker's response here (link)Read Troll Tracker's follow-up letter here (link)Read Niro's reply here (link)For background information on the Niro/Aharonian tussle, see this article from the San Francisco Weekly dated December 6, 2000 (link)

Welcome to my forex site

Welcome to my forex site Welcome to my forex site. thanks for visiting media-forex.blogspot.com I hope you are find what do you want. In this site you will find anything all about forex online trading which one this bussines is the bigest investment offer the world. in this area you will find forex historical, forex information about trade, forex strategy, and most wanted forex e-book, forex broker and so on. and offcourse its all free. If you are not find what do you want you can use search engine button in the top off this blog page for your wanted; for example enter the key; free forex ebook .......... all just for indonesian people, and for people on this earth. please if this site is usefull for you bookmark this link, and dont forget to vote the survei, enter your name to quest book, and post your comment every thread for me to improve this blog quality. enjoy......

There are two types of Irish patents available

There are two types of Irish patents available There are two types of Irish patents available.(1) Full-term patentsThese patents allow the inventor/applicant protection for up to 20 years. For a full-term patent to be granted, the applicant must provide evidence of the invention's novelty. This can be done by requesting a "Search Report" from the Office, or by submitting evidence of novelty.(2) Short-term patentsShort-term patents are designed to assist smaller inventors. These patents can also suit inventions where a shorter market life is expected, or inventions that are not technologically complex. These patents last for a maximum of ten years, and the applicant does not need to provide evidence of the invention's novelty. This effectively reduces the costs and length of time involved in getting an invention patented.Because procedures are generally simpler, short-term patents can be granted reasonably quickly and well within 12 months from the filing date if requirements are complied with promptly. If applications are made for both a short-term patent and a full-term patent in respect of the same invention, the short-term patent will become void when the full-term patent is granted.With some exceptions, the provisions relating to full-term patent applications and patents also apply to short-term patent applications and short-term patents. The main exceptions are:(i) The specification of a short-term patent application must not include more than five claims. The requirements of novelty and industrial applicability apply but instead of non-obviousness, it is sufficient that the invention be "not clearly lacking an inventive step". Neither a search report nor evidence of novelty in the form of a foreign patent specification is required in order that a short-term patent be granted.(ii) The filing fee, grant fee and renewal fees are only 50% of those for a full-term patent; and generally the procedures are simpler. This will be of particular interest to small enterprises and single inventors.(iii) Infringement proceedings can be brought in the Circuit Court (or in the High Court, as is required for full-term patents) irrespective of the amount of a claim.(iv) Before taking an action for infringement the owner of the short-term patent must either (a) request the Controller to have a search report prepared and send a copy of the report to the alleged infringer or (b) if a foreign search report or patent specification is available, furnish copies of such reports to the Controller as well as the alleged infringer. The reports referred to at (a) or (b) are published by the Controller.(v) A person other than the owner of the short-term patent whose legitimate business interests require a novelty search and who can show grounds for suspecting that the invention lacks novelty or is clearly lacking in inventive step may also request theController to have a search report prepared. Such a search report is published by the Controller.

Forex piyasasının çalışma prensipleri.

Forex piyasasının çalışma prensipleri. Forex piyasasının çalışma prensipleri.Forex piyasası – döviz değiştirme piyasası olunca, çalışma prensiplerini kolayca anlatmak için bir döviz bürosuna benzetebiliriz. Nasıl günlük hayatta döviz bürosuna gider alır satarsınız; buda aynen ona benzeyen bir takım kolaylıkları ve üstünlükleri olan gerçek bir iştir.

Forex piyasasında çalışmaya nasıl başlayacaksınız.

Forex piyasasında çalışmaya nasıl başlayacaksınız. Forex piyasasında çalışmaya nasıl başlayacaksınız.Forex piyasasında işleme başlamak için Forex şirketinde hesap açmanız lazım. Gerçek hesap dışında sanal(bir başka deyişle deneme) hesaplarıda mevcuttur. Deneme hesapları eğitim içindir. Bizim şirkette hesap nasıl açabileceğinizi buradan öğrenebilirsiniz.Hesap açtıktan sonra bir sonraki adım açmış olduğunuz hesaba başlangıç depozitosunu yatırmak olacak. Para havalesi genelde bankadan veya e-gold,web-money veya diğer ödeme sistemlerinden yapılmaktadır. Trade sürecinde bu yatırdığınız depozitoya geliriniz eklenecektir veya zararınız çıkartılacaktır.Bizde hesabınıza dolar, euro olarak para yatırabilirsiniz ve bu yatıracağınız depozito 1 dolardan başlamaktadır. Depozito hesabınıza yattıktan sonra işlemlere hemen başlayabilirsiniz. Önce hangi paritede, ne kadarlık miktarda işlem yapacağınızı ve işlem hangi yönde alış mı satış mı olacağını belirlemeniz lazım.Örnek verirken en çok işem yapılan parite olan Euro/Dolar baz ve karşıt döviz cinslerini kullanacağız, burdan yola çıkarak diğer dövizlerde de uygulanma mantığını basitçe anlayabiliriz. Mesela şimdi EUR/USD kuru 1.2500/1.2505’tir.Bu dmektir trader 1 euro satarsa 1,2500 dolar alacak eğer 1 euro alış yaparsa 1,2505 dolar ödeyecek. Varsayalım depozitonuz 2 000 dolar ve kaldıraç 1:100, bu durumda 200 000 dolara kadar işlem yapabilmektesiniz. Örnegin trader 20000 EUR almıştır ve verilen kurda 25 010 ödemiş. Böyle trader alış operasyonuyla pozisyon açmiştır.Açık olan pozisyonu gelirle kapatmak için kurun doğru yöne değişmesini beklemek lazım(eğer tabi tahmininiz doğruysa).Pozisyonu istediğiniz kadar açık bırakabilirsiniz ve bu pozisyonu bir kaç dakika veya birkaç saat sonra hatta birkaç gün veya ay sonra kapatabilirsiniz tabi marjin buna imkan veriyorsa.Ve gözden geçireceğimiz son operasyon kazandığınız parayi trade hesabınızdan çekmek olacaktır. Hesabınıza parayı nasıl yatırdıysanız aynı yolla parayi çekebilirsiniz, mesela banka havalesi ise bankadan çekersiniz veya WebMoney ise paranızı WebMoney hesabınıza yatiriyoruz. Parayı nasıl çekebileceğinizi buradan öğrenebilirsiniz

TANIMLAR

TANIMLAR
TANIMLAR*SPREAD; Alış ve satış arasındaki farka spread denir.euro/dolar paritesinin fiyat kotasyonuna bakalım E/$ 1,2260/65 , 1,2260 -alış/ 1,2265 -satış aradaki 5 puanlık fark spread ı oluşturur bu puana pips veya tick de denir.piyasa 1,2260 da iken 1,2265 den alırız 1,2266 da 1 tick kardayız demektir, satmak istrsek 1,2260 dan satarız 1,2259 iken 1 tick kara geçeriz.*KOTASYON; Paritede ilan edilen döviz çiftlerinden ilki baz döviz, ikincisi karşıt dövizdir, Paund/Dolar ; paund baz- dolar karşıt, Euro/Yen; euro baz-yen karşıt. E/$1,2260/65 kotasyonundan anlaşılan kotasyonu giren market maker (Piyasa yapıcının)1 Euro almak için karşı tarafa 1,2260 Dolar vereceği, 1 Euro satmak için karşı taraftan 1,2265 Dolar talep ettiğidir.*TEMİNAT; Yapılan işlem karşılğında hesapta meydana gelecek azalmayı karşılamak için yatırılan tutardır.*KALDIRAÇ FAKTÖRÜ; Yatırlan teminat sayesinde hesapta bulunan miktarın üzerinde işlem yapabilme hakkıdır, 1/100 den 1/400 e kadar kaldıraç hakkı tanınabilir.*İŞLEM MİKTARLARI; Normalde limit 1 lot karşılığı olan 100.000 Dolar dır ama bazı hesaplar için (Özellikle küçük olanlar) 10.000 Dolar veya 25.000 Dolar olabilir.*ROLLOVER (ÖTELEME); Forex piyasasın da takas işlemleri 2 iş günü içinde grçekleştirilir eğer New York kapanış saati olan 17,00 (Bize göre 24,00) itibariyle pozisyon kapatılmadıysa dövizin fiili olarak teslimatını ortadan kaldırmak için poisyonlar otomatik olarak kapatılıncaya kadar ötelenir.